Personalpronomen und Präsens
Example
- Ich lerne seit einem Jahr Deutsch.I have been learning German for a year.
Rule
Practise
The six persons
German has six personal pronouns. Sie with a capital S is the polite form of address and applies to one or several people — at work and with authorities it is the normal choice.
| Person | Pronomen | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Sg. | ich | ben |
| 2. Sg. | du | sen |
| 3. Sg. | er / sie / es | o |
| 1. Pl. | wir | biz |
| 2. Pl. | ihr | siz (samimi) |
| 3. Pl. / Höflich | sie / Sie | onlar / siz (resmî) |
The endings in the present tense
Take the infinitive (lernen), drop -en and add the ending. This table applies to almost all verbs.
| Person | Endung | lernen | wohnen |
|---|---|---|---|
| ich | -e | lerne | wohne |
| du | -st | lernst | wohnst |
| er/sie/es | -t | lernt | wohnt |
| wir | -en | lernen | wohnen |
| ihr | -t | lernt | wohnt |
| sie/Sie | -en | lernen | wohnen |
- Ich lerne seit einem Jahr Deutsch.I have been learning German for a year.
- Wohnst du in Zürich?Do you live in Zurich?
- Sie arbeitet bei einer Bank.She works at a bank.3. Person Singular: -t
Verb stems ending in -t, -d or -n
If the stem ends in -t, -d or consonant + -n, an -e- is inserted with du, er/sie/es and ihr. Without this -e- the word could not be pronounced.
- Du arbeitest zu viel.You work too much.arbeit + e + st
- Er findet die Wohnung schön.He finds the flat nice.find + e + t
- Ihr öffnet das Fenster.You (plural) are opening the window.öffn + e + t
Present tense for now and the future
The present tense covers both: what is happening right now and what is planned. You do not need a separate future form at A1 — a time expression is enough.
- Ich arbeite gerade.I am working right now.
- Morgen fahre ich nach Bern.Tomorrow I am going to Bern.Zukunft mit Zeitangabe
Common mistakes
ich the verb always ends in -e, never in -en.-t, an auxiliary e is added.Sie is conjugated like sie (plural): ending -en.Quick check · 3 questions
Got the rule? Try three questions; the full test is below.
Where you stand on this topic
- Studied
- Succeeding
- Sticking
Your turn: write a sentence with this topic
The assistant corrects it and explains why. It’s a suggestion; if unsure, check the rule above.
Done with this step?
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