📘 C1 · 12 lessons
Grammatik
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1
Erweiterte PartizipialattributeAn entire relative clause is squeezed between the article and the noun — typical of specialist, press and administrative texts, and a must…5 parts
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2
Nominalisierung und NominalstilSubordinate clauses become prepositional phrases, verbs become nouns: nominal style condenses information — and in return must be built…5 parts
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3
Indirekte Rede: Konjunktiv I vertieftAt C1 it is no longer just about `sei` and `habe`, but about substitute forms, tenses, questions, requests and longer passages of reported…5 parts
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4
Konjunktiv II der Vergangenheit und irreale VergleicheMissed chances, reproaches, near-events and comparisons with `als ob`: this is where it shows whether someone confidently masters complex…4 parts
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5
PassiversatzformenThe `werden` passive is not the only way to hide the agent. C1 requires variety: `sein zu`, `sich lassen`, `-bar/-lich`, reflexive middle…5 parts
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6
Modalpartikeln vertieftWhich particle suits which sentence type, what does stress change, how are particles combined? At C1 this decides whether you sound natural.5 parts
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Mehrteilige Konnektoren`je … desto`, `sowohl … als auch`, `weder … noch`, `zwar … aber` and the like structure arguments — with their own rules for word order…4 parts
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8
FunktionsverbgefügeIn `zur Verfügung stellen` or `in Kraft treten`, the noun carries the meaning, while the verb supplies aspect, direction or passive sense…4 parts
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9
Subjektive ModalverbenModal verbs express not only obligation or permission, but also how certain the speaker is — or that they are reporting someone else's…5 parts
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10
Präpositionen mit Genitiv`angesichts`, `infolge`, `mangels`, `ungeachtet` and many others shape written language. What matters are the nuances of meaning and how…5 parts
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11
Relativsätze vertieftGenitive relative pronouns, `wo(r)` + preposition, `was` after indefinite words and continuative relative clauses: the building blocks for…5 parts
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12
Textkohärenz: Verweiswörter und KonnektorenA C1 text is more than a sequence of correct sentences. Reference words, pronominal adverbs, connectors and a well-thought-out information…5 parts